Dr. Kevin Chen's research focuses on scalable 3D laser manufacturing from nanoscale to macroscale. Sensor fused additive manufacturing.

www.chmieluslab.org/

The Chmielus Advanced Manufacturing & Magnetic Materials Lab (AM³, www.chmieluslab.org) is focused on the influences and relationship of composition, impurities, manufacturing, and processing parameters on the microstructure and properties of structural and multifunctional metals in bulk, foam, thin films, and single crystalline form with a focus on 3D structures produced by additive manufacturing.

In additive manufacturing, we work on identifying the effects of powder properties, printing and processing parameters on green and further processed (e.g. sintering and aging) samples’ microstructure, porosity, residual stresses, mechanical, fatigue and multifunctional properties. We focus on all aspects of binder jet 3D printing and sintering but also use direct energy deposition, and selective laser melting/sintering and built custom-made printers for very small print volumes and magnetic materials. We have expertise working with a large variety of materials including Ni-based, Ti-, Cr-Co-alloys and other biocompatible materials, steels, carbides, multifunctional Heusler alloys.

The main focuses of this research group in functional materials is in ferromagnetic shape-memory alloys, high temperature shape memory, and magnetocaloric materials. We are mostly interested in microstructure, phase transformations, mechanical, thermal, magnetic properties.

In metal thin films and coatings, we are mostly interested in the effects of impurities and processing parameters on as-deposited films, but also phase-transformations, texture transformations and final properties, including resistivity, magnetization, texture, and mechanical properties. Furthermore, we investigate stresses during deposition and cycling.

Utilizing advanced manufacturing technologies in developing novel materials and coating techniques for thermal protection and cooling of hot sections in aeroengine and power generation turbines. More effective thermal protection and cooling design lead to an increased cycle efficiency and less fuel consumption.

Alloy design, thermomechanical processing, transformation and precipitation studies. Microstructural-Properties Optimization. Non-Destructive Testing (UT and EMAT techniques). Computer simulations and physical simulations (CAL and BA simulators).

www.engineering.pitt.edu/JacobsLab/
The focus of the Jacobs Research Group is to reveal the atomic-scale processes governing the mechanical and transport properties of surfaces and interfaces at the nanoscale. Contacting surfaces are of critical importance in advanced nanoscale applications, including micro-/nano-electromechanical systems, manufacturing schemes, and microscopy applications. The function of such applications depends on the ability to precisely predict and control contact parameters such as contact stiffness, contact area, adhesion, and electrical contact resistance. Our group uses novel combinations of scanning probe microscopy, electron microscopy, and mechanical testing techniques to interrogate the mechanical behavior of contacts between nanoscale bodies, and the interdependence between mechanical properties and functional properties of the contact.

Mechanical and transport properties of individual small-scale contacts: Scanning probe techniques are used inside of a transmission electron microscope (TEM). By simultaneously achieving Angstrom-scale spatial resolution and nanonewton force resolution, we can interrogate individual nanoscale bodies – including the formation and separation of their contact, and its evolution under load. Using an in situ TEM nanomanipulator with specialty scanning probe microscopy tips, we can simultaneously measure transport properties – such as electrical contact resistance and heat transfer. This enables the quantitative interrogation of the load-dependence of functional properties, and the effects of surface

Work in Professor Prashant N. Kumta’s laboratory focuses on innovative synthesis, fabrication and additive manufacturing of novel materials and architectures for energy and biotechnologies. Specifically, research is directed at fundamental characterization and obtaining a scientific understanding of structure and property relationships of novel materials and platforms for batteries, fuel cells, electrocatalysts, photoelectrocatalysts, degradable scaffolds, functionalization of scaffolds for tissue regeneration, drug and protein delivery, non-viral gene delivery, as well as embryonic stem cell differentiation.

Dr. Sangyeop Lee as studied nano-to-microscale thermal transport using theory and simulation. Current focus is on the thermal transport during phase transition.

www.pitt.edu/~pleu/Research/index.html
Dr. Paul W. Leu’s research group focuses on combining simulations and experiments to discover and evaluate new advanced materials for optoelectronic devices and antibacterial surfaces. His lab simulates and fabricates various nanomaterials, such as metal nanomeshes, nanosphere coatings, nano-structured hazy glass, nanowires, and nanoholes for applications such as solar cells. His re-search seeks to understand the various process—structure—property relationships of these nano-materials to enable functionalities such as nanophotonic light scattering, plasmonic light trapping, antireflection, self-cleaning, and high durability.

LAMP has worked with various researchers at UPMC to evaluate new nanostructured surfaces for anti-biofouling (preventing adhesion), antibactericidal (killing bacteria), self-cleaning, and durability properties. The lab is determining how various mechanisms such as surface energy, topography, surface chemistry may contribute to these antibacterial properties.

Paul Leu is also the Pitt director of the MDS-Rely, an NSF IUCRC that is currently in the planning phase. The goal of MDS-Rely is to apply data science-informed research to better understand the reliability and performance lifetime of essential materials. It has the potential to transform this field in creating new technologies that enable unprecedented lifetimes, durability in extreme environments, and understanding of various degradation and failure mechanisms.

www.shankarlab.pitt.edu/
Our research focuses on understanding the behavior of materials over length-scales ranging from the macro to the nano, as a function of composition, thermomechanical history and microstructural design. Research interests include thermal and mechanical behavior of nanocrystalline metals and amorphous alloys, mechanics and property evolution in nano and micro-manufacturing processes and design of multi-functional materials.

Multifunctional Nanograined Materials: We are studying how nano-scale grain structures can demonstrate novel functional properties that accompany their enhanced mechanical properties. We are examining scalable approaches for creating such microstructures at surfaces and in bulk-forms in Al, Mg and Ti alloys and their technological implications for structural and biomedical applications.

Direct Transduction of Photonic Energy into Mechanical Work:Azobenzene-functionalized polymers can transduce light directly into mechanical work either via trans-cis isomerization or via the trans-cis-trans reorientation of the azo groups. We are examining approaches centered on design of novel compositions and mechanical designs for enhancing the efficiency of this transduction and maximizing the achievable power densities.

Hierarchical Nanostructured Surfaces: Surfaces with hierarchies composed of nano-scale structures on micro-scale features endow novel functionalities in several instructive illustrations from the natural world. We are working on new direct-write approaches for the scalable manufacture of such complex hierarchies in polymeric materials for engineering applications.

Mechanics of Deformations at the Micro-Scale: Understanding the implications of the stochasticity, size-effects and constitutive properties of deformation of metals at the micrometer and sub-micrometer length-scales is critical for controlling process and product outcomes in mechanical microforming. We are working on new experimental paradigms for exploring the mechanics of deformation and microstructural consequences in microdeformation configurations using a custom-designed platform that can perform multiaxial manipulation inside an electron microscope.

www.engineering.pitt.edu/mostam/
Dr. Albert To’s expertise is in computational mechanics, topology optimization, and multiscale methods for advanced manufacturing. His current research activities include fast process modeling, process-microstructure-process relationship, support structure optimization, and cooling channel design for laser-based metal additive manufacturing. 

The primary research interests of MOST-AM are in design optimization for additive manufacturing (AM), computational mechanics, and multiscale methods. Currently, his group is actively working on developing the "Lattice Structure Design Optimization" software for generating optimal lightweight and multi-physics design for AM. Ongoing research activities also include process-microstructure-property relationship of AM metals and support structure design optimization for AM.

Design and Optimization for Additive Manufacturing: The goal of this project is to develop robust software for design and optimization of additive manufactured (AM) structural designs based on cellular structures. The key innovation in this technology is the utilization of micromechanics models for capturing the effective behavior of cellular structures in finite element analysis (FEA). This will enable solving topology optimization problems via FEA much more efficiently. The computational tools developed will help cut time in design phase, lower manufacturing cost, and reduce time to market for new AM structural product development.

Dr. Guofeng Wang's research is to develop and apply Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME) methods for certification of advanced manufacturing techniques.

Dr. Wiezorek’s group performs physical metallurgy related research on the characterization, design and engineering of microstructures to understand, optimize and enhance the properties of primarily metal based material, such as Al-, Mg-, Ti-, Ni-, Fe-alloys and intermetallics, for both structural and functional applications. The research utilizes expert application of electron-, ion- and photon-beam based analyses, such as scanning and transmission electron microscopy as well as X-ray diffraction methods, and processing by plastic deformation, thermo-mechanical and continuous wave and pulsed laser-based processing of bulk and thin film materials to elucidate processing-microstructure-property relationships, resulting in tailoring of the processing paths for enhanced performance in the envisaged application environments.

Researchers at the PMMD (Physical Metallurgy and Materials Design) Lab are working on alloy development and processing design based on fundamentals of materials thermodynamics and physical metallurgy. PMMD lab research covers a variety of inorganic materials including but not limited to steels, high entropy alloys, Nickel and Cobalt superalloys, light-weight alloys. One of the core-efforts at PMMD is to perform alloy design and processing optimization for advanced manufacturing. Both experiments and simulation are combined for developing new alloys and optimizing manufacturing processes at the PMMD lab. Regarding simulation, the so-called CALPHAD-based ICME methods (CALPHAD: Calculation of Phase Diagrams, ICME: Integrated Computational Materials Engineering) are applied to understand the mechanism of process-structure-property relation in different alloy systems and their processing. The experimental techniques cover thermal analysis, microstructure characterization, mechanical property measurements, thermal analysis, and alloy manufacturing such as casting and additive manufacturing. The PMMD lab performs materials manufacturing using a systems design approach to develop new materials to further increase the efficiency of advanced manufacturing of high-performance materials.