(2011) Fellow, American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
(2005) Bicentennial Board of Visitors Faculty Fellow, School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh.
(2003) CAREER Award, National Science Foundation, Chemical and Transport Systems.
(2002) New Investigator Award, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, & Air-Conditioning Engineers.
(2002) Faculty Honor Roll, School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh.
(2000) Faculty for the Future Startup Fellowship (Faculty coupon), General Electric Foundation.
(1999) Best Paper, Thermodynamic Analysis of Energy Systems, Advanced Energy Systems Division, ASME.
(1999 - 2000) Life Member's Scholarship, Georgia Engineering Foundation.
(1998 - 2000) Graduate Teaching Fellowship, American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
(1998) Graduate Grant-In-Aid, ASHRAE.
(1995 - 1998) Graduate Research Fellowship, National Science Foundation.
(1994 - 1995) Sylvia Farny Scholarship, American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
PhD, Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000 - present
MS, Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997 - present
B.S., Mechanical Engineering, Rice University, 1995 - present
B.A., English, Rice University, 1995 - present
Tourkov, K., & Schaefer, L. (2015). Effect of regenerator positioning on thermoacoustic effect in a looped tube traveling wave thermoacoustic engine. ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT, 95, 94-100.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2015.02.027.
Tourkov, K., Zink, F., & Schaefer, L. (2015). Thermoacoustic sound generation under the influence of resonator curvature. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES, 88, 158-163.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2014.09.016.
Ikeda, M.K., Rao, P.R., & Schaefer, L.A. (2014). A thermal multicomponent lattice Boltzmann model. COMPUTERS & FLUIDS, 101, 250-262.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2014.06.006.
Kimber, M., Clark, W.W., & Schaefer, L. (2014). Conceptual analysis and design of a partitioned multifunctional smart insulation. APPLIED ENERGY, 114, 310-319.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.09.067.
Bao, J., & Schaefer, L. (2013). Lattice Boltzmann equation model for multi-component multi-phase flow with high density ratios. APPLIED MATHEMATICAL MODELLING, 37(4), 1860-1871.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.apm.2012.04.048.
Collinge, W., Landis, A.E., Jones, A.K., Schaefer, L.A., & Bilec, M.M. (2013). Indoor environmental quality in a dynamic life cycle assessment framework for whole buildings: Focus on human health chemical impacts. BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT, 62, 182-190.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.01.015.
Collinge, W.O., Landis, A.E., Jones, A.K., Schaefer, L.A., & Bilec, M.M. (2013). Dynamic life cycle assessment: framework and application to an institutional building. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT, 18(3), 538-552.Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi: 10.1007/s11367-012-0528-2.
DeBlois, J., Bilec, M., & Schaefer, L. (2013). Simulating home cooling load reductions for a novel opaque roof solar chimney configuration. APPLIED ENERGY, 112, 142-151.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.05.084.
DeBlois, J.C., Bilec, M.M., & Schaefer, L.A. (2013). Design and zonal building energy modeling of a roof integrated solar chimney. RENEWABLE ENERGY, 52, 241-250.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2012.10.023.
Kerzmann, T., & Schaefer, L. (2013). Flow Rate Optimization of a Linear Concentrating Photovoltaic System. JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME, 135(2).ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.4023006.
Kim, G., Lim, H.S., Schaefer, L., & Kim, J.T. (2013). Overall Environmental Modelling of Newly Designed Curtain Wall Facade Configurations. INDOOR AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT, 22(1), 168-179.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/1420326X12470281.
Kim, G., Schaefer, L., & Kim, J.T. (2013). Development of a Double-Skin Facade for Sustainable Renovation of Old Residential Buildings. INDOOR AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT, 22(1), 180-190.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/1420326X12469533.
Kim, G., Schaefer, L., Lim, T.S., & Kim, J.T. (2013). Thermal comfort prediction of an underfloor air distribution system in a large indoor environment. ENERGY AND BUILDINGS, 64, 323-331.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.05.003.
Saunders, C.L., Landis, A.E., Mecca, L.P., Jones, A.K., Schaefer, L.A., & Bilec, M.M. (2013). Analyzing the Practice of Life Cycle Assessment Focus on the Building Sector. JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY, 17(5), 777-788.Wiley. doi: 10.1111/jiec.12028.
Thiel, C.L., Campion, N., Landis, A.E., Jones, A.K., Schaefer, L.A., & Bilec, M.M. (2013). A Materials Life Cycle Assessment of a Net-Zero Energy Building. ENERGIES, 6(2), 1125-1141.MDPI AG. doi: 10.3390/en6021125.
Kerzmann, T., & Schaefer, L. (2012). System simulation of a linear concentrating photovoltaic system with an active cooling system. RENEWABLE ENERGY, 41, 254-261.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2011.11.004.
Kim, G., Lim, H.S., Lim, T.S., Schaefer, L., & Kim, J.T. (2012). Comparative advantage of an exterior shading device in thermal performance for residential buildings. ENERGY AND BUILDINGS, 46, 105-111.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.10.040.
Lim, T.S., Schaefer, L., Kim, J.T., & Kim, G. (2012). Energy Benefit of the Underfloor Air Distribution System for Reducing Air-Conditioning and Heating Loads in Buildings. INDOOR AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT, 21(1), 62-70.SAGE Publications. doi: 10.1177/1420326X11419345.
Ikeda, M.K., & Schaefer, L.A. (2011). Examining the effect of binary interaction parameters on VLE modelling using cubic equations of state. FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA, 305(2), 233-237.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.fluid.2011.03.029.
Miller, V.B., Landis, A.E., & Schaefer, L.A. (2011). A benchmark for life cycle air emissions and life cycle impact assessment of hydrokinetic energy extraction using life cycle assessment. RENEWABLE ENERGY, 36(3), 1040-1046.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2010.08.016.
Miller, V.B., Ramde, E.W., Jr, G.R.T., & Schaefer, L.A. (2011). Hydrokinetic power for energy access in rural Ghana. RENEWABLE ENERGY, 36(2), 671-675.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2010.08.014.
Trapp, A.C., Zink, F., Prokopyev, O.A., & Schaefer, L. (2011). Thermoacoustic heat engine modeling and design optimization. APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING, 31(14-15), 2518-2528.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.04.017.
Miller, V.B., & Schaefer, L.A. (2010). Dynamic Modeling of Hydrokinetic Energy Extraction. JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME, 132(9), 091102.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.4002431.
Zink, F., Vipperman, J., & Schaefer, L. (2010). CFD simulation of a thermoacoustic engine with coiled resonator. INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER, 37(3), 226-229.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2009.09.001.
Zink, F., Vipperman, J., & Schaefer, L. (2010). CFD simulation of thermoacoustic cooling. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER, 53(19-20), 3940-3946.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2010.05.012.
Zink, F., Vipperman, J.S., & Schaeferc, L.A. (2010). Environmental motivation to switch to thermoacoustic refrigeration. APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING, 30(2-3), 119-126.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2009.07.008.
Zink, F., Waterer, H., Archer, R., & Schaefer, L.A. (2009). Geometric Optimization of a Thermoacoustic Stack. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 48(12), 2309-2322.
Bao, J., Yuan, P., & Schaefer, L. (2008). A mass conserving boundary condition for the lattice Boltzmann equation method. JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS, 227(18), 8472-8487.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.jcp.2008.06.003.
Maina, J.Y., Mickle, M.H., Lovell, M.R., & Schaefer, L.A. (2008). Complex radio frequency (RF) communications with virtual pulses. COMPUTERS & ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, 34(5), 423-437.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.compeleceng.2007.09.005.
Li, P.W., Schaefer, L.A., & Chyu, M.K. (2007). Three-Dimensional Model for the Conjugate Heat and Gas Species Transport in a Planar Type Solid Oxide Fuel Cell. International Journal of Transport Phenomena, 9(1), 1-18.
Maina, J.Y., Mickle, M.H., Lovell, M.R., & Schaefer, L.A. (2007). Application of CDMA for anti-collision and increased read efficiency of multiple RFID tags. JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS, 26(1), 37-43.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.jmsy.2007.05.001.
Zink, F., Lu, Y., & Schaefer, L. (2007). A solid oxide fuel cell system for buildings. ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT, 48(3), 809-818.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2006.09.010.
Lu, Y.X., & Schaefer, L. (2006). Numerical study of a flat-tube high power density solid oxide fuel cell - Part II: Cell performance and stack optimization. JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, 153(1), 68-75.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.03.189.
Yuan, P., & Schaefer, L. (2006). A thermal lattice Boltzmann two-phase flow model and its application to heat transfer problems - Part 2. Integration and validation. JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME, 128(1), 151-156.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.2137344.
Yuan, P., & Schaefer, L. (2006). Equations of state in a lattice Boltzmann model. PHYSICS OF FLUIDS, 18(4), 042101.AIP Publishing. doi: 10.1063/1.2187070.
Yuan, P., & Schaefer, L. (2006). A thermal lattice Boltzmann two-phase flow model and its application to heat transfer problems - Part 1. Theoretical foundation. JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME, 128(1), 142-150.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.2137343.
Lu, Y., Schaefer, L., & Li, P. (2005). Numerical simulation of heat transfer and fluid flow of a flat-tube high power density solid oxide fuel cell. JOURNAL OF FUEL CELL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 2(1), 65-69.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.1843120.
Lu, Y.X., Schaefer, L., & Li, P.W. (2005). Numerical study of a flat-tube high power density solid oxide fuel cell - Part I. Heat/mass transfer and fluid flow. JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, 140(2), 331-339.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.08.036.
Li, P.W., Schaefer, L., & Chyu, M.K. (2004). A numerical model coupling the heat and gas species' transport processes in a tubular SOFC. JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME, 126(2), 219-229.ASME International. doi: 10.1115/1.1667528.
Lu, Y., & Schaefer, L.A. (2004). A SOFC System Fed with Hydrogen Sulfide and Natural Gas. Journal of Power Sources, 135, 184-191.
Schaefer, L.A., & Schaefer, A.J. (2004). Locating hybrid fuel cell-turbine power generation units under uncertainty. ANNALS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH, 132(1-4), 301-322.Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi: 10.1023/B:ANOR.0000045288.72359.de.
Li, P.W., Schaefer, L., Wang, Q.M., Zhang, T., & Chyu, M.K. (2003). Multi-gas transportation and electrochemical performance of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell with complex flow channels. JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, 115(1), 90-100.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/S0378-7753(02)00723-1.
Li, P.W., Zhang, T., Wang, Q.M., Schaefer, L., & Chyu, M.K. (2003). The performance of PEM fuel cells fed with oxygen through the free-convection mode. JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES, 114(1), 63-69.Elsevier BV. doi: 10.1016/S0378-7753(02)00535-9.
Cain, J.T., Clark, W.W., Schaefer, L.A., Ulinski, D.J., Mickle, M.H., & Mandecki, W.M. (2001). Energy harvesting for DNA gene sifting and sorting. International Journal of Parallel and Distributed Systems and Networks, 4(3), 140-149.
Schaefer, L.A. (1997). The State Principle: Foundations and Consequences. Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 119, 205-207.
Whiston, M.M., Collinge, W.O., Bilec, M.M., & Schaefer, L.A. (2014). Dynamic Response of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack to Changes in a University Building’s Load. In Volume 6A: Energy, 6A, (pp. IMECE2014-39206).American Society of Mechanical Engineers. doi: 10.1115/imece2014-39206.
Jones, A.K., Chen, Y., Collinge, W.O., Xu, H., Schaefer, L.A., Landis, A.E., & Bilec, M.M. (2013). Considering fabrication in sustainable computing. In 2013 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD), (pp. 206-210).IEEE. doi: 10.1109/iccad.2013.6691120.
Xu, H., Bilec, M.M., Schaefer, L.A., Landis, A.E., & Jones, A.K. (2013). Ocelot: A wireless sensor network and computing engine with commodity palmtop computers. In 2013 International Green Computing Conference Proceedings.IEEE. doi: 10.1109/igcc.2013.6604482.
Collinge, W.O., Landis, A.E., Jones, A.K., Schaefer, L.A., & Bilec, M.M. (2012). Integrating Indoor environmental quality metrics in a dynamic life cycle assessment framework for buildings. In 2012 IEEE International Symposium on Sustainable Systems and Technology (ISSST).IEEE. doi: 10.1109/issst.2012.6227992.
Ikeda, M.K., & Schaefer, L.A. (2012). Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Thermal Multiphase Flows With Dynamic Wall Interactions. In Volume 7: Fluids and Heat Transfer, Parts A, B, C, and D, 7(PARTS A, B, C, D), (pp. 2465-2474).American Society of Mechanical Engineers. doi: 10.1115/imece2012-87405.
Saunders, C.L., Landis, A.E., Jones, A.K., Schaefer, L.A., & Bilec, M.M. (2012). Utilizing measured energy usage to analyze design phase energy models. In 2012 IEEE International Symposium on Sustainable Systems and Technology (ISSST).IEEE. doi: 10.1109/issst.2012.6227982.
Collinge, W.O., Liao, L., Xu, H., Saunders, C.L., Bilec, M.M., Landis, A.E., Jones, A.K., & Schaefer, L.A. (2011). Enabling dynamic life cycle assessment of buildings with wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE International Symposium on Sustainable Systems and Technology, (pp. 1-6).IEEE. doi: 10.1109/issst.2011.5936846.
Hu, Y., Schaefer, L., & Hartkopf, V. (2011). Energy and exergy analysis of integrating compound parabolic collectors (CPC) with lithium bromide (Li-Br) absorption chiller for building heating and cooling to achieve net zero buildings. In ASHRAE Transactions, 117(PART 2), (pp. 174-182).
Beckman, E., Besterfield-Sacre, M., Kovalcik, G., Mehalik, M., Needy, K., Ries, R., Schaefer, L., & Shuman, L. (2007). Combining educational studies, research and international experiences in sustainable engineering. In ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings.
Beckman, E., Besterfield-Sacre, M., Kovalcik, G., Needy, K., Ries, R., Schaefer, L., & Shuman, L. (2006). Combining graduate studies, research and international experiences in sustainability. In ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings.
Lu, Y., Schaefer, L., & Li, P. (2004). Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow of a Flat-Tube High Power Density Solid Oxide Fuel Cell. In 2nd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, (pp. 369-374).ASMEDC. doi: 10.1115/fuelcell2004-2494.
Mickle, M.H., Lovell, M.R., Schaefer, L., Wang, A., & Cain, J.T. (2003). Three dimensional sensing for environment and security control. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 2, (pp. 1284-1291).
Shelton, S.V., Vodenicker, J.P., & Schaefer, L.A. (1999). Three-dimensional graphic analysis of absorption cycles. In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Advanced Energy Systems Division (Publication) AES, 39, (pp. 143-150).