This project aims to evaluate whether durable overlay materials—such as latex-modified concrete (LMC), polyester polymer concrete (PPC), and hybrid composite synthetic concrete (HCSC)—can be used to perform “one-step” reinforced concrete bridge deck repairs while maintaining structural adequacy. The central objective is to determine whether these materials can serve as both repair and structural elements for Type 2 and Type 3 repairs, eliminating the need for a subsequent overlay placement and preserving deck depth, weight, and elevation. Through a literature and practice review, assessment of material compatibility (including strength, modulus, bond, and thermal behavior), and a parametric structural evaluation of representative repair scenarios, the study will assess feasibility and identify limitations of this approach. The primary outcome will be evidence-based recommendations to PennDOT regarding the appropriateness of extending one-step repairs to deeper repair types, along with proposed revisions to relevant design and specification guidance where warranted.